- SAP - Systems, Applications and Products
in Data Processing. SAP is a fourth generation programming
language language called ABAP (Advance Business Application Programming). SAP is an ERP (enterprise resource
planning) software product capable of integrating multiple business
applications, with each application representing a specific business area.
These applications update and process transactions in real time mode. It
has the ability to be configured to meets the needs of the business.
- SAP is Modules are divided into 2 parts:
Technical and Functional:
- Technical
is categorized into 3 areas:
- Functional
is categorized into 3 areas:
- Logistics
- Sales
and Distribution (SD)
- Production
Planning (PP)
- Material
Management (MM)
- Warehouse
Management (WM)
- Quality
Management (QM)
- General
Logistics (LO)
- Financial
- Financial
Accounting (FI)
- Controlling
(CO)
- Investment
Management (IM)
- Treasury
(TR)
- Human
Resources
- Personnel
Administration (PA)
- Personnel
Development (PD)
An
Introduction to SAP
SAP was founded in 1972 in Walldorf , Germany
The main advantage of using SAP as your
company ERP system is that SAP have a very high level of integration among its
individual applications which guarantee consistency of data throughout the
system and the company itself.
In a standard SAP project system, it is
divided into three environments,
Development, Quality
Assurance and Production. The development system
is where most of the implementation work takes place. The quality assurance
system is where all the final testing is conducted before moving the transports
to the production environment. The production system is where all the
daily business activities occur. It is also the client that all the end
users use to perform their daily job functions.
To all company, the production system
should only contains transport that have passed all the tests.
SAP is table drive customization
software. It allows businesses to make rapid changes in their business
requirements with a common set of programs. User-exits are provided for
business to add in additional source code. Tools such as screen variants
are provided to let you set fields attributes whether to hide, display and make
them mandatory fields
3)
What is SAP Landscape?
Landscape is like a server system or like a
layout of the servers or some may even call it the architecture of the servers
viz. SAP is divided into three different landscape DEV, QAS and PROD.
·
DEV would have multiple clients for ex:
190- Sandbox, 100- Golden, and 180- Unit Test.
·
QAS may again have multiple clients
for ex: 300- Integration Test, 700 to 710 Training.
·
PROD
may have something like a 200 Production.
These names and numbers are the
implementer's discreet on how they want it or they have been using in their
previous implementations or how is the client's business scenario.
Now whatever you do in the Sandbox doesn't
affect the other servers or clients. Whenever you think you are satisfied with
your configuration and you think you can use it moving forward, you RE-DO it in
the golden client (remember, this is a very neat and clean client and you
cannot use it for rough usage). As you re-do everything that you had thought
was important and usable, you get a transport request pop up upon saving every
time. You save it under a transport request and give your description to it.
Thus the configuration is transported to the Unit Test client (180 in this
example).
You don't run any transaction or even use
the SAP Easy Access screen on the 100 (golden) clients. This is a configuration
only client. Now upon a successful transport by the Basis guy, you have all the
configuration in the Testing client, just as it is in the Golden client. The
configuration remains in sync between these two clients.
But in the Testing client you can not even
access SPRO (Display IMG) screen. It's a transaction only client where
you perform the unit test. Upon a satisfactory unit test, you move the good
configuration to the next SERVER (DEV). The incorrect or unsatisfactory
configuration is corrected in Golden (may again as well be practiced in the
sandbox prior to Golden) and accordingly transported back to 180 (Unit Test)
until the unit test affected by that particular config is satisfactory.
The Golden client remains the 'database'
(if you wanna call it that) or you may rather call it the 'ultimate' reference
client for all the good, complete and final configuration that is being used in
the implementation.
In summary:
Landscape: is the arrangement for the servers
Landscape: is the arrangement for the servers
IDES: is purely for education purpose and
is NOT INCLUDED in the landscape.
DEVELOPMENT ---> QUALITY ---->
PRODUCTION
DEVELOPMENT: is where the the consultants
do the customization as per the company's requirement.
QUALITY: is where the core team members and
other members test the customization.
PRODUCTION: is where the live data of the
company is recorded.
A request will flow from
Dev->Qual->Prod and not backwards.
1. Sandbox server: In the initial stages of
any implementation project, You are given a sandbox server where you do all the
configuration/customization as per the companies business process.
2. Development Server: - Once the BBP gets
signed off, the configuration is done is development server and saved in
workbench requests, to be transported to Production server.
3. Production Server: This is the last/
most refined client where the user will work after project GO LIVE. Any
changes/ new development is done is development client and the request is
transported to production.
These three are landscape of any Company.
They organized their office in these three way. Developer develop their program
in Development server and then transport it to test server. In testing server
tester check/test the program and then transport it to Production Server. Later
it will deploy to client from production server.
Presentation Server- Where SAP GUI have.
Application Server - Where SAP Installed.
Database Server - Where Database installed.
Application Server - Where SAP Installed.
Database Server - Where Database installed.
What is the meaning of "R" in R/3
systems?
R/3 stands for real-time three tier
architecture. This is the kind of architecture SAP R/3 system has.
R/3 means three layers are installed in
Different system/server and they are connected with each other.
1) Presentation
2) Application
3) Database
2) Application
3) Database
Releases:
SAP R/1, System RF - 1972
SAP R/2, ran on a Mainframe architecture - 1979
SAP R/3 Enterprise Edition 1.0 A - July 1992
SAP R/3 Enterprise Edition 2.0 - 1993
SAP R/3 Enterprise Edition 3.0 - 1995
SAP R/3 Enterprise Edition 4.0 B - June 1998
SAP R/3 Enterprise Edition 4.3
SAP R/3 Enterprise Edition 4.5 B - March 1999
SAP R/3 Enterprise Edition 4.6 C - April 2001
SAP R/3 Enterprise Edition 4.6 F
SAP R/3 Enterprise Release 4.70 Release Date March- Dec 2003[2]
SAP R/3 Enterprise Edition 4.7
SAP R/3 Enterprise Central Component (ECC) 5.0 - 2004
SAP R/3 Enterprise Central Component (ECC) 6.0 - Oct 2005- Jun2006
SAP ERP 6.0 - Enhancement Packages (1,2,3,4,5,6,7)
Appreciate you sharing, great article.Much thanks again. Really Cool.
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